Recent years have seen a surge in research comparing bilinguals to monolinguals, yet
synthesizing this literature is complicated by the diversity of language and social …

A number of studies have documented the cognitive outcomes associated with bilingualism.
To gain a clear understanding of the extent and diversity of these cognitive outcomes, the …

This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers,
written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of …

One hundred and seventy-five children who were 6-years old were assigned to one of four
groups that differed in socioeconomic status (SES; working class or middle class) and …

Two studies are reported comparing the performance of monolingual and bilingual children
on tasks requiring different levels of working memory. In the first study, 56 5-year-olds …

The extant literature includes conflicting assertions regarding the influence of bilingualism
on the rate of language development. The present study compared the language …

One of the defining characteristics of bilingual language development is variability, in terms
of individual children's outcomes in their two (or more) languages and in terms of children's …

A total of 104 six‐year‐old children belonging to 4 groups (English monolinguals, Chinese‐
English bilinguals, French‐English bilinguals, Spanish‐English bilinguals) were compared …

Studies often report that bilingual participants possess a smaller vocabulary in the language
of testing than monolinguals, especially in research with children. However, each study is …

The relationship between amount of bilingual exposure and performance in receptive and
expressive vocabulary in French and English was examined in 5-year-old Montreal children …