This paper presents a holistic decision support tool developed for use during the early
stages of facade design. The tool is based on the interdependent relationships between …

The building sector has a major economic, environmental, and social impact on society;
hence, it is crucial to promote sustainable construction practice. The facade is one of the …

Building facade has a significant impact on the environmental and economic performance of
buildings and projects. The specification of their elements at the early design phase …

Early-stage façade design is a complex and multi-objective process. There are two principal
barriers in the process of identifying an optimal façade solution. Firstly, the number of design …

The design of a building facade influences internal thermal and lighting conditions and
energy use associated with the provision of these conditions. Key decisions about the …

Building façades play an important role in building aesthetics and in protecting the structural
system and contents from deterioration due to exposure to an aggressive environment. Well …

This research article discusses the methods for designing sustainable, high-performance
facades, and the necessary steps in ensuring that the environmental factors and energy …

Abstract The A/E/C (Architecture, Engineering, Construction) industry is very traditional. In
contrast to other industries (eg car or ship industry) no prototypes are trialled and tested …

Decisions taken during the early design of facade retrofits have a major influence on the
final performance of buildings. However, current procurement procedures do not promote …

An important phase within the overall residential land development process is preliminary
project planning, which is a highly coordinated effort involving a number of decisions that …