About two decades ago, when lipids were the focus of atherosclerosis research, calcific
vasculopathy (or, more commonly,“vascular calcification”) had been dismissed as a …

Background Arteriosclerosis is a pathological, structural (media vascular calcification) and
physiological (modified vascular smooth vessel cells; increased arterial stiffness) alteration …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is thought to affect approximately one in 10 people. Patients
with CKD have significantly increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in comparison …

Conclusion A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms which are responsible for
cardiovascular calcification have led to a better detection and more adequate follow-up of …

The link between vascular calcification (VC) and increased mortality is now well established.
Over time, as clinical importance of this phenomenon has begun to be fully considered …

Vascular calcification is an active and complex pathological process regulated by several
factors. Vascular calcification is closely related to the incidence and mortality of the …

Vascular calcification has traditionally been considered to be a passive process that was
associated with advanced age, atherosclerosis, uncommon genetic diseases and some …

In 1575, Gabriello Fallopio, Chair of Anatomy and Surgery at Padua, Italy, described
atherosclerosis as a 'degeneration of arteries into bone'. 1 Although vascular calcifi cation …

More than a century ago, Mönckeberg1 was among the first to note that ectopic calcification
may arise in the vasculature. Although this original description was of a specific form of …

Vascular calcification can occur in nearly all arterial beds and in both the medial and intimal
layers. The initiating factors and clinical consequences depend on the underlying disease …