The main aim of smart cities is to achieve the sustainable use of resources. In order to make
the correct use of resources, an accurate monitoring and management is needed. In some …

In this paper, a new four-electrode sensor for water conductivity measurements is presented.
In addition to the sensor itself, all signal conditioning is implemented together with signal …

High-resolution data collection of the urban stormwater network is crucial for future asset
management and illicit discharge detection, but often too expensive as sensors and ongoing …

This paper demonstrates the operation of a smartphone based platform salinity sensor for
accurate and reliable monitoring of salinity level in oceanic water environment. To measure …

Electrical water meters are commonly used for remote monitoring through networks,
however, these devices waste energy because they must be switched on constantly. This …

In the framework of a smart city, information and communications technologies are applied
to tackle urban living challenges, with the aim of improving the citizens' quality of life …

The challenges of climate change, population growth, demographic change, urbanization
and resource depletion mean that the world's great cities need to adapt to survive and thrive …

Extended research on the design and development of a smart nitrate sensor for monitoring
nitrate concentration in surface and groundwater are reported in this paper. The developed …

Water quality monitoring (WQM) systems seek to ensure high data precision, data accuracy,
timely reporting, easy accessibility of data, and completeness. The conventional monitoring …

Wireless sensor networks are a promising new in situ measurement technology for
monitoring soil water content changes with a high spatial and temporal resolution for large …