This paper seeks to understand the effect of social, economic and political conditions on the
selection and effectiveness of voluntary policy in Japan. Borrowing from two sets of …

Theoretical and empirical research on voluntarism has focused primarily on US and
European examples, but has generally failed to consider the Japanese system of voluntary …

The explosive growth in voluntary environmental programs since the early 1990s in the
United States, Europe, and Japan reflects, in part, changing societal attitudes about the …

This paper presents a review of the Japanese experience in the use of voluntary
approaches in environmental policy. Pollution control agreements between local …

The use of voluntary approaches to achieve environmental improvements has grown
dramatically in the United States (US) since they were first introduced thirteen years ago. As …

The principal obstacles to environmental compliance and enforce meant in developing
countries resolve around constraints that are political, economic, and institutional. As …

One of the liveliest debates in contemporary social science surrounds the extent to which
institutions matter (March and Olsen, 1989; Suchman and Edelman, 1997). Most of the …

“Legal incentives for environmental management? Nonsense!" My colleagues' statement
was categorical." Look “he said and pointed at the dry Sahelian scenery around us, where …

In this paper, we attempt to identify the reasons behind the differences in environmental
policy between Japan and other developed countries, particularly the US. Japan's …

N ovel environmental policy instruments, including tradable permits, voluntary programs,
and more flexible approaches to regulation, have been embraced by governments …