Underground communication systems present a variety of new research challenges. Here,
the goal is to establish an efficient wireless connection between the transceivers in the …

Wireless underground communication is a challenging task when electromagnetic (EM)
waves are used. The communication has to face many limitations like spreading loss, fading …

This letter presents our experimental endeavor to characterize underground magneto-
inductive channels. Specifically, a range of experiments are conducted in realistic …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) especially with sensor nodes communicating with each
other in medium other than air have been naive area of research since the last few years. In …

A novel idea of using compact filamentary and printed circuit board (PCB) planar spiral coils
for the magnetic induction (MI) based underground (UG) communication to achieve high …

Earlier researches have proved that the magnetic induction (MI) communication has better
performance compared to the electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation in underground (UG) …

A large range of applications have been identified based upon the communication of
underground sensors deeply buried in the soil. The classical electromagnetic wave (EM) …

Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSN) consist of wireless devices that operate
below the ground surface. These devices are buried completely under dense soil, thus …

Electromagnetic (EM) waves are the most versatile and widely adopted physical layer
technology for underground wireless communication networks (UWCNs). However, they are …

Underground (UG) wireless communication is challenging as the medium is heterogeneous
composition of soil, rock, water, organic matter etc. The UG channel is subjected to change …