Zero Knowledge Contingent Payment (ZKCP) protocols allow fair exchange of sold goods
and payments over the Bitcoin network. In this paper we point out two main shortcomings of …

One of the most promising innovations offered by the cryptographic currencies (like Bitcoin)
are the so-called smart contracts, which can be viewed as financial agreements between …

We survey the state-of-the-art non-interactive zero-knowledge argument schemes and their
applications in confidential transactions and private smart contracts on blockchain. The main …

Bit coin is the first digital currency to see widespread adoption. While payments are
conducted between pseudonyms, Bit coin cannot offer strong privacy guarantees: payment …

Zcash is a fork of Bitcoin with optional anonymity features. While transparent transactions
are fully linkable, shielded transactions use zero-knowledge proofs to obscure the parties …

Recently there has been much academic and industrial interest in practical implementations
of zero knowledge proofs. These techniques allow a party to prove to another party that a …

Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) is a useful tools for proving that a prover possesses a secret
without revealing it to the verifier. Designated Verifier Proof (DVP) is a special type of ZKP …

Our transaction history in the current centralized banking system has the ability to reveal a
lot of private information for each spender, both to the banking system itself, but also to those …

We show that equivocation, ie, making conflicting statements to others in a distributed
protocol, can be monetarily disincentivized by the use of crypto-currencies such as Bitcoin …

We study a model of incentivizing correct computations in a variety of cryptographic tasks.
For each of these tasks we propose a formal model and design protocols satisfying our …