Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the large arteries that is the major cause of
cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. Here, we review the current understanding of the …

Previous interest in high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) focused on their possible protective
role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Evidence from genetic studies and …

Mendelian randomization (MR) is an epidemiological technique that uses genetic variants to
distinguish correlation from causation in observational data. The reliability of a MR …

Objectives The aim of this study was to systematically collate and appraise the available
evidence regarding the associations between small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) …

Over a decade of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to the finding of
extreme polygenicity of complex traits. The phenomenon that “all genes affect every complex …

Objective High-density lipoproteins (HDL) comprise particles of different size, density and
composition and their vasoprotective functions may differ. Diabetes modifies the composition …

Background Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a potential risk marker of coronary
atherosclerosis that has high specificity and sensitivity. However, the association between …

Abstract Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP) transfers amphiphilic lipids between
circulating lipoproteins and between lipoproteins, cells and tissues. Indeed, PLTP is a major …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent
hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or failure to produce insulin. Patients with DM …

Aims To investigate the associations between passive tobacco smoke exposure and daily
smoking with a comprehensive metabolic profile, measured repeatedly from childhood to …