Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest-growing causes of death and is predicted
to become by 2040 the fifth global cause of death. CKD is characterized by increased …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome that is related to high morbidity and
mortality. Oxidative stress, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protects the cell against oxidative
damage. The Nrf2 system comprises a complex network that functions to ensure adequate …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is featured by a progressive decline of kidney function and is
mainly caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. CKD is a …

Multifaceted cellular pathways exhibit a crucial role in the preservation of homeostasis at the
molecular, cellular, and organism levels. One of the most important of these protective …

Oxidative stress and inflammation are mediators in the development and progression of
chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications, and they are inseparably linked as …

Kidney diseases are highly prevalent worldwide, and significantly reduce the quality of life of
patients, creating an urgent need for effective therapeutic modalities. Despite this significant …

Over 10% of the global population suffers from kidney disease. However, only kidney
replacement therapies, which burden medical expenses, are currently effective in treating …

Oxidative stress contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD-
related mortality. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is essential in the …

Nrf2 has been gathering attention as an emerging treatment target of chronic diseases
which have oxidative stress and inflammation as their pathogenesis including CKD. Basic …